Puddle trap for bark beetles. The puddle trap as I have called it, consists of a bowl or plastic-lined puddle with water (which can have detergent to make beetles sink) and a suspended barrier/bait container that flying beetles strike and tumble down (the barrier can be covered with aluminum foil to stop sunlight from damaging one of the pheromone components). In the puddle at left there are larger specks (Ips typographus) and very tiny specks (Pityogenes chalcographus). These two bark beetles are very common and kill Norway spruce, one of the two most important timber trees in Europe. The puddle trap is described in more detail in Byers (1993) .

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Images © 1996 by John A. Byers, Chemical Ecology.