Grid of sticky traps to catch Ips paraconfusus flying toward infested log (in blue square)
Byers, J.A. 1983c. Sex-specific responses to aggregation
pheromone: Regulation of colonization density in the bark
beetle Ips paraconfusus. Journal of Chemical Ecology
9:129-142.
Abstract--
About equal numbers of each sex of flying I. paraconfusus Lanier
(Coleoptera: Scolytidae) were caught on traps several meters downwind
from a male-infested ponderosa pine long releasing pheromone while a
significantly different ratio of over 4 times more females than males
were caught at the pheromone source. Females oriented directly to
higher concentrations of colonizing males in a felled tree while
males tended to land on the host in adjacent uncolonized areas. The
attraction response of walking males to a 1:1:1 mixture of the
synthetic pheromone components ipsenol, ipsdienol, cis-verbenol was
reduced progressively at higher concentrations while female response
continued to increase. These responses may function to regulate
density of colonization and limit intraspecific competition.
Chemical Ecology